Pierre-Auguste Renoir
1841 - 1919

Noted for his radiant, intimate paintings, particularly of the female nude. Recognized by critics as one of the greatest and most independent painters of his period, Renoir is noted for the harmony of his lines, the brilliance of his color, and the intimate charm of his wide variety of subjects. Unlike other impressionists he was as much interested in painting the single human figure or family group portraits as he was in landscapes; unlike them, too, he did not subordinate composition and plasticity of form to attempts at rendering the effect of light.

Renoir fully established his reputation with a solo exhibition held at the Durand-Ruel Gallery in Paris in 1883. In 1887 he completed a series of studies of a group of nude female figures known as the Bathers (Philadelphia Museum of Art). These reveal his extraordinary ability to depict the lustrous, pearly color and texture of skin and to impart lyrical feeling and plasticity to a subject; they are unsurpassed in the history of modern painting in their representation of feminine grace. Many of his later paintings also treat the same theme in an increasingly bold rhythmic style.

Renoir first exhibited his paintings in Paris in 1864, but he did not gain recognition until 1874, at the first exhibition of painters of the new impressionist school (see Impressionism). One of the most famous of all impressionist works is Renoir's Le Bal au Moulin de la Galette (1876, Louvre, Paris), an open-air scene of a café, in which his mastery in figure painting and in representing light is evident. Outstanding examples of his talents as a portraitist are Madame Charpentier and Her Children (1878, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City) and Jeanne Samary (1879, Louvre).

During the last 20 years of his life Renoir was crippled by arthritis; unable to move his hands freely, he continued to paint, however, by using a brush strapped to his arm. Renoir died at Cagnes-sur-Mer, a village in the south of France, on December 3, 1919.

Other notable paintings by Renoir include La Loge (1874, Courtauld Institute Galleries, London); Woman with Fan (1875) and The Swing (1875), both in the Louvre, Paris; The Luncheon of the Boating Party (1881, Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.); and Vase of Chrysanthemums (1895, Musée de Beaux-Arts, Rouen)—one of the many still lifes of flowers and fruit he painted throughout his life.

Source: Encarta 1999 Encyclopedia.
 

Renoir died on December 3, 1919, at the age of seventy-eight. On November 30, he was still painting; he had begun a small still life — two apples. Then the deat throes came.
He was being treated by Dr. Prat, a surgeon and Dr. Duthil, two physicians from Nice. The latter was still at his bedside at midnight, two hours before his death. This Dr. Duthil had killed two woodcocks and had told the patient about his exploit. In his delirium, those birds stubborny came back and, combined with ideas of painting, were his last concern. "Give me my palette... Those two woodcocks... Turn the head of that woodcock to the left... Give me back my palette... I can't paint that beak... Quick, some paints... Move those woodcocks..." He died at two o'clock in the morning.

Source: RENOIR: His Life, Art, and Letters; Barbara Ehrlich White; Abradal Press.